People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Ministry of National Education
Mefti Abd-el-Kader's SecondarySchool
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy School Year 2009/2010
Part one : Reading
A) Comprehension / Interpreting
- Read the text carefully then answer the questions below
Bribery is the act of promising, offering, or giving a professional or person of authority something of value (i.e. money, property, services, or favours) in order to break the rules or ethics in a given situation. Bribery is a type of corruption that can occur in a number of professional and political situations. Though any one in a place of power and authority may be subject to bribery, public and government officials, police officers, legal professionals, doctors, bankers, and other business professionals are those most likely to become the subjects of bribery.
Bribery and similar illegal businesses in the political sphere alone cost the world an estimated one trillion dollars every year. Less prosperous nations those who export oil and certain other resources have been found to be particularly exposed to bribery and other corrupt activities, though even the wealthiest nations are not safe.
(Adapted from” NEW YORK TIMES”, Nov2007)
1. Circle the correct answers which best completes statements a and b .
a. The first paragraph gives a definition about __________.
- prosperity - bribery - corruption
b. The text is __________ .
- a letter - a report - a newspaper article
2. Are the following statements true or false?
a. Bribery is a kind of corruption. ……………………………………….…….
b. Anyone in power can be subjected to bribery. ………………………………….………….
c. Bribery alone costs the world’s political sphere nearly ten trillion dollars every year…...…
d. Oil exporting countries are not exposed to corruption …………………………………………….
3. Answer the following questions according to the text:
a. Who is subjected to bribery most?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..
b. How much money does bribery cost the world every year?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..
4. Give a best title to the text ………………………………………..…………………………………………..
5. What do the underlined words refer to in the text:
that (1§)……………….. , those (1§) ………….. , who (2§)………………….
B) Text Exploration
1. Find in the text words that are synonyms to the followings:
morals = ……….…. (1§), fraud = ……….…. (2§) , wealthy = ……….……. (2§)
2. Match words in the right with their definitions in the left.
a. Bribery 1-exact copy of something in order to trick people
b. Corruption 2- illegal behaviour from people in authority
c. Counterfeiting 3 - to give money in exchange of illegal act or service.
3. Complete the following table :
verb noun adjective
………………… ………………… counterfeited
corrupt ………………… …………………
………………… prosperous …………………
imitate ………………… …………………
4. Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form:
a. If you (to elect……………………) me head of state, I would fight corruption.
b. Governments will regain confidence provided that they (to pass………………….) stringent laws.
c. Citizens had better (to stop………………………..) buying fake goods.
5. Join the sentences using the connector provided:
a. genuine products are expensive .
b. many consumers do not purchase them. ( so ………that )
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..
6. Rewrite sentence B so that it means the same as A :
a. many internet users downloaded music illegally.
b. music ……………………………………………………………………….........
a. citizens should eradicate bribery in the society
b. bribery …………………………………………………………………..………….
mardi 23 février 2010
3rd year lit/phil second test n1
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Ministry of National Education
Mefti Abdelkader's Secondary School
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy School Year 2009/2010
Part one : Reading
A) Comprehension/ Interpreting
Read the text carefully then do the activities
Education in Algeria is free of any charge, but private schools are authorised by the law. It is also compulsory under the constitution. All Algerian schools are mixed sex. The academic year starts in September and ends in June for southern regions and July for the other parts of the country with two 15 days break in December and March.
The educational system is structured as follows: the pre-school, the primary school, the middle school, the secondary school and at last comes the university level. At five years old, the Algerian children go to the pre-schools which are generally close to their houses. At the age of six, they often start their primary education in the same school. At the end of this stage pupils should take a final exam to be able to move to the middle school where they fulfil their four years of study.
Later on, pupils should sit for another exam called the “BEM” that they must pass for admission to secondary education which begins at age 15 and ends when students take the baccalaureate examination before they proceed to one of the universities, state technical institutes, or vocational training centres which fall under the responsibility of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, as well as by institutes run by other ministries.
1. Choose the answer that best completes the following statements:
a. Education in Algeria :
• Is very expensive
• Is free from any charge.
• Is not obligatory for children under five years old.
b. The educational system in Algeria Contains:
• Five stages
• Four stages.
• Three stages
2. Answer the following questions according to the text:
a. Where do pre-schools generally situate?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. In which stage of study should a pupil at the age of 12 be?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. In which paragraph of the text the structure of the Algerian Educational system is mentioned? ……………………………………………………..
4. What do the following words refer to in the text?
it (1§)……………………….. , they (2§) ……………….. , which (3§) ……………………..
B) Text Exploration
1. Find in the text words that are synonyms to the followings:
a. Obligatory = ……………..……. (1§) d. Access = ……………..……. (3§)
c. Accomplish = ……………..……. (2§)
2. Complete the following table :
verbs nouns adjectives
………… obligation …………
to educate ………… …………
………… ………… accessed
3. Rewrite the following sentences using the connectors given :
a. Tom had visited the United States, he would have studied at the university of Michigan. (unless)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. Students study in public schools and not at private schools because they are free of charge. (if)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Complete the sentences using the appropriate quantifier:
many – few - much
a. We have studied in the same school for _____________ years.
b. There are very _____________ scholarships to students at this university.
c. I have to ask you for ______________ more time to pay the bill.
5. Rewrite sentence B so that it means the same as A:
a. A small minority of pupils cause extensive disturbance
b. Extensive disturbance …………………………………………………….……………………………
a. The introduction of the cane will produce the desired results.
b. The desired results …………………………………………………………..……………….…………
6. Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final “s” (/s/z/iz/)
feelings ……. - loses ……. -makes ……. - times …….
7. Complete the following paragraph with the correct word from the list:
- graduate , tests , marks , leaving-exams.
Some schools give pupils_________ every week or month to see if they are making progress. In some schools there are ___________ for essays and projects during the term .The school ____________ are held in May or June and If you continue and pass the university exams, you will ___________ .
Ministry of National Education
Mefti Abdelkader's Secondary School
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy School Year 2009/2010
Part one : Reading
A) Comprehension/ Interpreting
Read the text carefully then do the activities
Education in Algeria is free of any charge, but private schools are authorised by the law. It is also compulsory under the constitution. All Algerian schools are mixed sex. The academic year starts in September and ends in June for southern regions and July for the other parts of the country with two 15 days break in December and March.
The educational system is structured as follows: the pre-school, the primary school, the middle school, the secondary school and at last comes the university level. At five years old, the Algerian children go to the pre-schools which are generally close to their houses. At the age of six, they often start their primary education in the same school. At the end of this stage pupils should take a final exam to be able to move to the middle school where they fulfil their four years of study.
Later on, pupils should sit for another exam called the “BEM” that they must pass for admission to secondary education which begins at age 15 and ends when students take the baccalaureate examination before they proceed to one of the universities, state technical institutes, or vocational training centres which fall under the responsibility of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, as well as by institutes run by other ministries.
1. Choose the answer that best completes the following statements:
a. Education in Algeria :
• Is very expensive
• Is free from any charge.
• Is not obligatory for children under five years old.
b. The educational system in Algeria Contains:
• Five stages
• Four stages.
• Three stages
2. Answer the following questions according to the text:
a. Where do pre-schools generally situate?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. In which stage of study should a pupil at the age of 12 be?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. In which paragraph of the text the structure of the Algerian Educational system is mentioned? ……………………………………………………..
4. What do the following words refer to in the text?
it (1§)……………………….. , they (2§) ……………….. , which (3§) ……………………..
B) Text Exploration
1. Find in the text words that are synonyms to the followings:
a. Obligatory = ……………..……. (1§) d. Access = ……………..……. (3§)
c. Accomplish = ……………..……. (2§)
2. Complete the following table :
verbs nouns adjectives
………… obligation …………
to educate ………… …………
………… ………… accessed
3. Rewrite the following sentences using the connectors given :
a. Tom had visited the United States, he would have studied at the university of Michigan. (unless)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. Students study in public schools and not at private schools because they are free of charge. (if)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Complete the sentences using the appropriate quantifier:
many – few - much
a. We have studied in the same school for _____________ years.
b. There are very _____________ scholarships to students at this university.
c. I have to ask you for ______________ more time to pay the bill.
5. Rewrite sentence B so that it means the same as A:
a. A small minority of pupils cause extensive disturbance
b. Extensive disturbance …………………………………………………….……………………………
a. The introduction of the cane will produce the desired results.
b. The desired results …………………………………………………………..……………….…………
6. Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final “s” (/s/z/iz/)
feelings ……. - loses ……. -makes ……. - times …….
7. Complete the following paragraph with the correct word from the list:
- graduate , tests , marks , leaving-exams.
Some schools give pupils_________ every week or month to see if they are making progress. In some schools there are ___________ for essays and projects during the term .The school ____________ are held in May or June and If you continue and pass the university exams, you will ___________ .
vendredi 8 janvier 2010
3 literature test / civilizations
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Ministry of National Education
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy School Year 2009/2010
Part one : Reading and Interpreting
A) Comprehension
Read the text carefully then do the activities
One of the earliest civilizations with written evidence is that of the Sumerians. Arriving in the Tigris-Euphrates valley from Central Asia in approximately 3500 BC, the Sumerians pervaded the existing settlements of the Ubaidians, of whom little is known, in southern Mesopotamia. Taking control of the land and its resources, these individuals developed a complex civilization that would live on to influence later civilizations.
Within the southern section of Mesopotamia, which came to be known as Sumer, regional city-states developed. Each of these city-states was ruled by a king. Because Sumer was a region of numerous city-states, tension and conflict among the states was frequent. Often, these conflicts arose over rights to water and land, and it was common for one city-state to attempt to gain complete control over a neighbouring city-state. Such internal dissension allowed for the region to be conquered by King
Sargon of Akkad. In 2000 BC, the area was invaded and came under Babylonian control
1. The text is about ( circle the best answer)
a. The Sumerian Civilization
b. The babylonian Civilization
c. Sumerian economy
2. Say whether the following statements are True or False according to the text:
a. The Sumerian Civilization is a modern civilization.
b. The Ubaidians took control of the land and its resources.
c. Conflicts in Sumer were about water and land.
d. Later the Babylonians dominated Sumer.
3. Answer the following questions according to the text.
a. When did the Sumerian civilization start?
b. Who invaded Sumer in 2OOO BC?
B) Text Exploration
1. Find in the text opposites to the following words .
a- much ≠ …………………..(§1 ) b- peace ≠…… (§2)
2. Find in the text synonyms to the following words.
a- proof =………………… (§1 ) b- flourished =……(§2 )
3. Give the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. You had better ( learn)………………about the history of ancient civilizations in Algeria.
2. After I ( buy) the computer, I found out that it was out of a bad quality.
4. Express concession using "in spite the fact that " in the following:
a) I was interested in playing football b) I read a lot about ancient civilizations.
5. Fill in the blanks with one word from the list.
allowed - agriculture - region - economy
The economy ………1……. that sustained the people of Sumer relied on ……..2…….and trade. To support agriculture, the surrounding land of each city-state was plotted out into individual tracts which were then irrigated through a system of canals and dams. The irrigation of the land ……… 3.…… for crops such as wheat and barley to flourish in this…………4…………
Ministry of National Education
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy School Year 2009/2010
Part one : Reading and Interpreting
A) Comprehension
Read the text carefully then do the activities
One of the earliest civilizations with written evidence is that of the Sumerians. Arriving in the Tigris-Euphrates valley from Central Asia in approximately 3500 BC, the Sumerians pervaded the existing settlements of the Ubaidians, of whom little is known, in southern Mesopotamia. Taking control of the land and its resources, these individuals developed a complex civilization that would live on to influence later civilizations.
Within the southern section of Mesopotamia, which came to be known as Sumer, regional city-states developed. Each of these city-states was ruled by a king. Because Sumer was a region of numerous city-states, tension and conflict among the states was frequent. Often, these conflicts arose over rights to water and land, and it was common for one city-state to attempt to gain complete control over a neighbouring city-state. Such internal dissension allowed for the region to be conquered by King
Sargon of Akkad. In 2000 BC, the area was invaded and came under Babylonian control
1. The text is about ( circle the best answer)
a. The Sumerian Civilization
b. The babylonian Civilization
c. Sumerian economy
2. Say whether the following statements are True or False according to the text:
a. The Sumerian Civilization is a modern civilization.
b. The Ubaidians took control of the land and its resources.
c. Conflicts in Sumer were about water and land.
d. Later the Babylonians dominated Sumer.
3. Answer the following questions according to the text.
a. When did the Sumerian civilization start?
b. Who invaded Sumer in 2OOO BC?
B) Text Exploration
1. Find in the text opposites to the following words .
a- much ≠ …………………..(§1 ) b- peace ≠…… (§2)
2. Find in the text synonyms to the following words.
a- proof =………………… (§1 ) b- flourished =……(§2 )
3. Give the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. You had better ( learn)………………about the history of ancient civilizations in Algeria.
2. After I ( buy) the computer, I found out that it was out of a bad quality.
4. Express concession using "in spite the fact that " in the following:
a) I was interested in playing football b) I read a lot about ancient civilizations.
5. Fill in the blanks with one word from the list.
allowed - agriculture - region - economy
The economy ………1……. that sustained the people of Sumer relied on ……..2…….and trade. To support agriculture, the surrounding land of each city-state was plotted out into individual tracts which were then irrigated through a system of canals and dams. The irrigation of the land ……… 3.…… for crops such as wheat and barley to flourish in this…………4…………
3rd year Literature and philosophy
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Ministry of National Education
School Year: 2009/2010
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy
Part one : Reading and Interpreting
A - Comprehension (07 points)
E
Read the text carefully then do the activities .
Each of the past civilizations contributed in a way or another to improve the cultural and technical side of human communities. They all had achievements that gradually transformed the destiny of nations, and turn them into highly organised groups having in their hands more effective means which enabled them to progress a better capacity in the fight for survival ; and therefore to lead a more comfortable life.
The Egyptians for example, managed to bring great improvements in the branches of farming, architecture, medicine, writing and religion. Despite the aggressive environment where they evolved, they succeeded to impose their will-power and perseverance so as to gain their neighbours’ respect and immortalize their name in history.
As for the Babylonians, they devoted their skills to further the spheres of astronomy, law-making, building, and land-working .The Phoenicians, too, helped in accomplishing advances in ship-building, international trade and sailing. When the Greeks arrived, they promoted mathematics, philosophy and democracy. They also gave a strong motivation to scientific research, thinking, mythology and artistic creations. In their wisdom, they went as far as using sport to consolidate peace and harmony among tribes and races.
The Romans, as well, devoted themselves to raise the fate of the human race. They dedicated their talent for the pursuit of arts, the construction of towns and public works, the laying of rules and political bodies, the expansion of commerce and the introduction of more effective strategies in the military field
1. The text is about:
a. The collapse of civilizations b. Achievements of civilizations c. Ancient Egypt.
2. Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences.
a. The civilizations of the past raised human …..….…..… greatly.
a. feelings b. culture c. race.
b. The Phoenicians were experts at …….………….. .
a. sciences b. farming c. ship building.
3. Say whether the following sentences are true or false according to the text :
a. The human communities developed through the achievements of past civilizations.
b. The aggressive environment helped the Egyptians to develop farming.
c. The Phoenicians were famous at astronomy and law making.
d. Sport was used by the Greeks to consolidate peace and harmony.
4. Answer the following questions according to the text:
a. How could the Greeks develop the culture of peace?
b. What did the Romans do to elevate the fate of the human race?
5. What do the underlined words refer to in the text?
they (1§), which (2§), their (2§), themselves (4§)
6. The text is : a. descriptive b. argumentative c. narrative
B) Text Exploration : (08 points)
1- Find in the text words that are synonyms in meaning to :
a. Get better or develop = …... (1§), agriculture = …... (2§), commerce =.……. (3§)
2- Complete the following table:
Verbs Nouns Adjectives
to flourish ………… …………
………… development …………
………… ………… improved
to civilize ………… …………
………… ………… scientific
3- Join the following pairs of sentences using the appropriate connecter:
a. The Egyptians lived in a hostile environment. The Egyptians succeeded in establishing a strong empire. (although)
b. The Romans had conquered Greece. Many Romans came to the schools of Athens. (after)
c. We will eradicate corruption. Government work together with citizens. (as long as)
4. Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final /ed/:
Talked – irrigated - civilized - established -
/t/ /d/ /id/
5- Complete the following sentences with the correct word from the list:
won - build - empire - area
The period of the Roman ___1___ began about 500 B.C. The Roman army became increasingly powerful. It conquered and attacked many of the surrounding areas. Each time the Romans ___2___, the land ___3____ they controlled grew larger. They enslaved many of the conquered people and forced the slaves to ___4___ houses and roads for the empire.
Part two : Written expression (05 points)
- Choose one of the following topics
Topic 1 : Write a composition explaining in which way today‘s civilizations are different from those of the past , and their contributions on the growth of men .
Topic 2 : Imagine you have an English friend who asks you to name the main influences of the Islamic Civilization on the Western Civilizations.
- Complete the essay using the following notes:
- It is Based on the religion of Islam.
- It contains higher virtues from God.
- Many sciences have been studied and developed by various Arabic scientists .
- It flourished in famous areas such Spain and Andalusia .
Ministry of National Education
School Year: 2009/2010
Grade Level: 3rd year Literature and philosophy
Part one : Reading and Interpreting
A - Comprehension (07 points)
E
Read the text carefully then do the activities .
Each of the past civilizations contributed in a way or another to improve the cultural and technical side of human communities. They all had achievements that gradually transformed the destiny of nations, and turn them into highly organised groups having in their hands more effective means which enabled them to progress a better capacity in the fight for survival ; and therefore to lead a more comfortable life.
The Egyptians for example, managed to bring great improvements in the branches of farming, architecture, medicine, writing and religion. Despite the aggressive environment where they evolved, they succeeded to impose their will-power and perseverance so as to gain their neighbours’ respect and immortalize their name in history.
As for the Babylonians, they devoted their skills to further the spheres of astronomy, law-making, building, and land-working .The Phoenicians, too, helped in accomplishing advances in ship-building, international trade and sailing. When the Greeks arrived, they promoted mathematics, philosophy and democracy. They also gave a strong motivation to scientific research, thinking, mythology and artistic creations. In their wisdom, they went as far as using sport to consolidate peace and harmony among tribes and races.
The Romans, as well, devoted themselves to raise the fate of the human race. They dedicated their talent for the pursuit of arts, the construction of towns and public works, the laying of rules and political bodies, the expansion of commerce and the introduction of more effective strategies in the military field
1. The text is about:
a. The collapse of civilizations b. Achievements of civilizations c. Ancient Egypt.
2. Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences.
a. The civilizations of the past raised human …..….…..… greatly.
a. feelings b. culture c. race.
b. The Phoenicians were experts at …….………….. .
a. sciences b. farming c. ship building.
3. Say whether the following sentences are true or false according to the text :
a. The human communities developed through the achievements of past civilizations.
b. The aggressive environment helped the Egyptians to develop farming.
c. The Phoenicians were famous at astronomy and law making.
d. Sport was used by the Greeks to consolidate peace and harmony.
4. Answer the following questions according to the text:
a. How could the Greeks develop the culture of peace?
b. What did the Romans do to elevate the fate of the human race?
5. What do the underlined words refer to in the text?
they (1§), which (2§), their (2§), themselves (4§)
6. The text is : a. descriptive b. argumentative c. narrative
B) Text Exploration : (08 points)
1- Find in the text words that are synonyms in meaning to :
a. Get better or develop = …... (1§), agriculture = …... (2§), commerce =.……. (3§)
2- Complete the following table:
Verbs Nouns Adjectives
to flourish ………… …………
………… development …………
………… ………… improved
to civilize ………… …………
………… ………… scientific
3- Join the following pairs of sentences using the appropriate connecter:
a. The Egyptians lived in a hostile environment. The Egyptians succeeded in establishing a strong empire. (although)
b. The Romans had conquered Greece. Many Romans came to the schools of Athens. (after)
c. We will eradicate corruption. Government work together with citizens. (as long as)
4. Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final /ed/:
Talked – irrigated - civilized - established -
/t/ /d/ /id/
5- Complete the following sentences with the correct word from the list:
won - build - empire - area
The period of the Roman ___1___ began about 500 B.C. The Roman army became increasingly powerful. It conquered and attacked many of the surrounding areas. Each time the Romans ___2___, the land ___3____ they controlled grew larger. They enslaved many of the conquered people and forced the slaves to ___4___ houses and roads for the empire.
Part two : Written expression (05 points)
- Choose one of the following topics
Topic 1 : Write a composition explaining in which way today‘s civilizations are different from those of the past , and their contributions on the growth of men .
Topic 2 : Imagine you have an English friend who asks you to name the main influences of the Islamic Civilization on the Western Civilizations.
- Complete the essay using the following notes:
- It is Based on the religion of Islam.
- It contains higher virtues from God.
- Many sciences have been studied and developed by various Arabic scientists .
- It flourished in famous areas such Spain and Andalusia .
3rd Year literature and philosophy
Grade level :3rd Year literature and philosophy Duration : 1:00h
Part 1:Reading
A) Comprehesion
Read the text carefully then do the activities.
I believe that there are five major factors that affect societies and civilizations to collapse. The first is the damage that the inhabitants of an environment inflict on it. The second factor is climate change which is a feature of human society, not something invented by global capitalism. According to archeologists, it is the climate change that might well have been the main cause behind the collapse of the Maya civilization.
Thirdly, comes the loss of support from friendly neighbors when either direct support or equally beneficial trade is blocked. The fourth factor is an unhelpful response from the society to its own problems. A number of societies have faced similar problems. Some have reacted unsuccessfully and have either vanished from earth or are in crisis.
B) Text Exploration:
1. The text is:
a film story. b) a newspaper report. c) an economic report.
2. Are the following statements 'true' or 'false'?
a- The climate, wars and wrong response to problems may lead a civilization to fall into ruins.
b- It is believed that the Maya civilization disappeared because of war.
c- Norse settlers used to live in the countryside.
d- Neighbouring civilizations are always helpful and good friends.
3. In the text, there are five (04) factors that may cause a civilization to vanish and disappear. Find them and write them in the table below. (02.5 pts)
The four factors for the collapse of civilisations
- Factor number one. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number two. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number three. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number four. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Find in the text words , phrases or expressions opposite in meaning to; (01.5 pt)
a) – To originate. (§1) b) – Very friendly. (§3) c) – Successfully. (§5)
Rewrite the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one given. (03 pts)
a) Archeologists said, "Climate changes have caused the collapse of the Maya civilization."
a/1) Archeologists said that ………………………………………………………
b) Many societies are suffering similar problems nowadays.
b/1) Nowadays, ………………………………………………………………..
c) " Was the Sumerian civilization very strong?" A pupil asked his teacher.
c/1) A pupil wanted to know ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Complete the sentences below using: (01.5 pt)
had to - was/were not able to - used to.
a) - Norse settlers ……………….. live in Greenland for a long time. Therefore they died.
b) - All past civilisations …….… farm the land to provide food for people and animals.
c) - People ……………….. know time by sun positions in the sky in olden days .
2. Underline the silent letter in the following words. (01.5 pt)
a. Fights. b. Knowledge. c. autumn d. cold.
Part 1:Reading
A) Comprehesion
Read the text carefully then do the activities.
I believe that there are five major factors that affect societies and civilizations to collapse. The first is the damage that the inhabitants of an environment inflict on it. The second factor is climate change which is a feature of human society, not something invented by global capitalism. According to archeologists, it is the climate change that might well have been the main cause behind the collapse of the Maya civilization.
Thirdly, comes the loss of support from friendly neighbors when either direct support or equally beneficial trade is blocked. The fourth factor is an unhelpful response from the society to its own problems. A number of societies have faced similar problems. Some have reacted unsuccessfully and have either vanished from earth or are in crisis.
B) Text Exploration:
1. The text is:
a film story. b) a newspaper report. c) an economic report.
2. Are the following statements 'true' or 'false'?
a- The climate, wars and wrong response to problems may lead a civilization to fall into ruins.
b- It is believed that the Maya civilization disappeared because of war.
c- Norse settlers used to live in the countryside.
d- Neighbouring civilizations are always helpful and good friends.
3. In the text, there are five (04) factors that may cause a civilization to vanish and disappear. Find them and write them in the table below. (02.5 pts)
The four factors for the collapse of civilisations
- Factor number one. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number two. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number three. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Factor number four. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Find in the text words , phrases or expressions opposite in meaning to; (01.5 pt)
a) – To originate. (§1) b) – Very friendly. (§3) c) – Successfully. (§5)
Rewrite the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one given. (03 pts)
a) Archeologists said, "Climate changes have caused the collapse of the Maya civilization."
a/1) Archeologists said that ………………………………………………………
b) Many societies are suffering similar problems nowadays.
b/1) Nowadays, ………………………………………………………………..
c) " Was the Sumerian civilization very strong?" A pupil asked his teacher.
c/1) A pupil wanted to know ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Complete the sentences below using: (01.5 pt)
had to - was/were not able to - used to.
a) - Norse settlers ……………….. live in Greenland for a long time. Therefore they died.
b) - All past civilisations …….… farm the land to provide food for people and animals.
c) - People ……………….. know time by sun positions in the sky in olden days .
2. Underline the silent letter in the following words. (01.5 pt)
a. Fights. b. Knowledge. c. autumn d. cold.
3rd Year Experimental Sciences/economy
Grade level :3rd Year Experimental Sciences/economy
Read the text carefully then do the activities.
Part 1:Reading
A) Comprehesion
Ethics is the set of moral rules that the professionals in any field are expected to respect when they deal either with each other or with the public. In business, ethics represents the attitudes that individuals and firms should comply with in the actions they perform and the decisions they take at every level of their realisations. Such a philosophy does not exist everywhere because it needs the existence of important conditions to apply it.
In societies where both political and cultural conditions exist for making everyone obey this practice, the main principles that those engaged in the economic branches should follow involve a good number of the qualities that have always served as the basis for civilisation. Among them we find the obligation to be honest and lawful with the spirit of fair competition which imposes the acceptance of new comers in one's sphere and forbids the recourse to the use of monopolisation not only in the spheres of manufacturing and selling goods but also as regard the services which are provided to the community
1. The text is about:
a) Ethics in Business.
b) The factors which influence economy
2. Say if these statements are true or false:
a)Any realisation in business should be related to the actions and the decisions taken.
b) Dishonesty is essential in business
3. Answer the questions according to the text
a) what does ethics represent in business?
b) what are the main principles in economics branches?
4. The text is:
a) a newspaper article.
b) a radio news report.
B) Text Exploration:
1. Find in the text words whose definitions are:
- Obey = ………
- The ability to make up your mind = ……. (1§)
2. Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following
- Principle = ……… (1§), sincere = ………. (2§)
3. Find in the text words whose opposite is:
- Refusal ≠ ……… (2§); free ≠ ……….. (2§)
4. Join the following sentences using the (so..…. That / such…. that):
- There are many marketed imitations. Consumers have lost confidence in them
- Counterfeiting is making products in perfection. It is difficulty to imitate them
mardi 5 janvier 2010
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